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The pontifical politics entrusted the enterprise against the Arabs to the Normans
who, leaded by Tancredi of Altavilla, were the soldiers most dangerous for greed of
prey, for audacity and pitilessness. In 1078 Roger, the younger
Tancredi's son, stormed Almoezia and the town took back the name of
Tauromenium.
In 1087 the Normans occupied the whole island and they had from now on the problem to cure the awful wounds caused by the war. They were excellent in this
assignment, demonstrating to be one of the most enlightened dynasties at that time. With them a new age of prosperity began for
Sicily.
They didn't send away the Arabs from the island having a tolerant spirit;
they removed the leaders only, relegating them in the castles of Calabria, Puglia and
Irpinia. They assigned the lands with the privilege of perpetual immunity to the monastic orders of Greek obedience and to the Catholic
bishoprics.
They reopened the buildings for the Christian cult, allowing that the bells were again hoisted on the
churches. The sovereign dominion was imposeded on the waters and on the
woods. The right to pasture on the State lands was recognized to the citizen. The commercial
exchanges, at last, revived the island, even if the barter was still
persisting.
The pre-existing official language - a mixture of Greek with Arab language- changed and the common language got rich of new lexical
acquisitions, syntactic and phonetic. It was then that the so-called vernacular language began to be
speaked.
The Norman dynasty ended in the last decades of the twelfth century.
After the Normans, Sicily was dominated by the Swabians. Frederic the Second (l194-1250) was one of the most enlighteneded protagonist in his time. During his
kingdom, Taormina enjoyed a period of prosperity which never in other
times.
The swabian dominion, however, didn't last for a lot of time, also for the hostility of the
papacy.
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